The problem of hazardous emissions has been steadily worsening in Mediterranean ports. Environmental problems caused by port activities have been attributed to dredging operations. Nevertheless, in recent years environmental degradation has been linked to controlled or uncontrolled emissions into the atmosphere originating from other port activities, such as the movement of solid bulk cargo, the storage of dust bearing substances and other engineering works carried out in port areas. Dust particles, along with gas emissions (SO2 and NOx) and noise, are now considered to be the most important problem in view of the serious implications inside and outside port areas. Moreover, the enforcement of the European Community (EC) Directive 1990/30/EC on July 19th 2001 requires the port authorities to control certain particle concentrations of various other gases. In addition, the Annex VI of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (known as the MARPOL Convention) underlines the need to monitor the limits of NOx, SO2 and BTX gases emitted in port areas.