Basic technologies for use in the detection of passengers (VSS2009/903)
Overview
Background & policy context:
Electronic data capture and tracking in public passenger transportation is a hot topic with numerous facets, beneficial for convenience, safety, costs, control and planning of road, rail, ship and air traffic.
Solutions of most different types already exist, as the following examples are demonstrating.
New technologies will foster even more convenient and efficient solutions in the future. Particularly in wireless communications innovations appear almost daily, in most cases just to disappear as rapidly. Technologies and solutions for the data capture and tracking in public passenger transportation must be durable, cross-border interoperable and compliant with International Standards and regulatory requirements.
For the planning, design and development of solutions and the assessment of opportunities and risks profound knowledge of today's and tomorrow's technologies as well as of customer, operator and manufacturer requirements is needed.
Objectives:
The project aims to:
- provide a systematic survey of possible types of electronic data capturing and tracking in multi-modal public passenger transportation.
- make identification of technologies and technical approaches.
- provide an investigation of user, operator and manufacturer requirements.
- provide an assessment of influencing factors such as standardization, regulation a.s.f.
- formulate of recommendations for implementation at the system level
Methodology:
In a first step, the technological solutions and research are examined on the subject. In particular, the areas of GSM / UMTS, Near Field Communication (NFC), Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tracking and security are examined.
The wireless communication is standardized by ISO / IEC, ITU-T, ETSI, ECMA, IEEE and other organizations. In this organizational environment is therefore found information about the technologies that are standardized in 5 years and distributed nationwide in 10 years.
Relevant are in particular:
- Contactless chip technology (ISO 18092, ISO 14443, ISO 15693). Tags: characteristics, similarities and differences, status and future developments.
- Smart Card with 14443 and / or 15693 interface. Tags: architecture, combined with other chips and functions, distribution, interoperability.
- Mobile phones with NFC interface and connection to the mobile Internet. Tags: NFC, architecture, strengths and weaknesses, expected distribution.
- Tracking. Stich words tracking due to the network cells, with GPS, by other means (eg Vicinity), reliability, cost, distribution.
- Mobile connectivity. Tags: development of bandwidth, cost, distribution.
- Transaction processing. Tags: development of capacities and costs, advantages and disadvantages of centralized and decentralized architectures.
Safety is an integral part of every service and every product. Use capture entails specific risks that should be analysed here.
In further phase inventory and requirements of user and operator perspective are to be set.
In this phase, the requirements for use of detection systems need to be added from the viewpoint of the operator. This can be done through specific interviews. As a framework, the possible fields of application have to be determined. In this and future applications are to be included. In addition, however, the solutions have to be assessed.
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