D4 (NRP 41) - External Costs and Internalisation: Regional Impacts
Overview
Background & policy context:
The NRP 41 was launched by the Federal Council at the end of 1995 to improve the scientific basis on which Switzerland's traffic problems might be solved, taking into account the growing interconnection with Europe, ecological limits, and economic and social needs.
The NRP 41 aimed to become a think-tank for sustainable transport policy. Each one of the 54 projects belongs to one of the following six modules:
- A Mobility: Socio-institutional Aspects
- B Mobility: Socio-economical Aspects
- C Environment: Tools and Models for Impact Assessments
- D Political and Economic Strategies and Prerequisites
- E Traffic Management: Potentials and Impacts
- F Technologies: Potentials and Impacts
- M Materials
- S Synthesis Projects
Objectives:
Distribution Effects of External Costs:
The bases of current transport policy issues in Switzerland and Europe have so far been devised with a view to achieving a sounder allocation in the field of transport which is better for the environment and fairer towards the parties creating the burdens.
There is now greater emphasis on clarifying the effects of distribution policy, especially at regional level, in planning future Swiss transport policy and in discussions of new instruments of transport policy and investment projects.
Distribution effects play a major role in evaluating transport measures and finding acceptance for them. Such effects should therefore be known.
Methodology:
The present study investigates the regional distribution of external costs in Switzerland, specifically the distribution of the burdens of external costs on the 106 MS ('mobilité spatiale') regions.
It then determines the effects of two different internalisation scenarios ('financing' and 'social marginal cost pricing') on the regional distribution of burdens of external costs.
In addition, the compensating effects of two different refund scenarios for internalisation revenues are identified for the scenario of internalisation by 'financing'.
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