Overview
PHAEDRUS addressed the complete scope and objectives of Topic SP1-JTI-FCH.2011.1.8. A new concept and new technologies for a hydrogen retail refuelling system are developed.
The major objective was to develop and validate a new concept for 70 MPa hydrogen refuelling retail stations by showing the applicability of electrochemical hydrogen compression technology in combination with a PEM electrolyser, storage units and dispensing system. The use of electrochemical hydrogen compression technology is a step change in both the efficiency and cost of ownership of an integrated hydrogen refuelling system. The applicability will be demonstrated in a fuelling system producing 5 kg hydrogen per day, while a design is made for a fuelling system capable of producing 200 kg hydrogen per day. Safety aspects, efficiency and economic viability of the system’s components will be analysed and validated as well. The targeted HRS infrastructure will have a modular dispensing capacity in the range of 50-200 kg per day, and will be fit for early network roll-out from 2015 onwards to 2020.
Various consortium members are actively involved in working groups where relevant standards like SAE J2601, SAE J2799, CSA TIR 4.3, ISO TC 58/SC3 and ISO TC197 are being developed.
An Advisory Board will review the progress with respect to international developments and will act as an interconnection to efforts in other Member States, Asia and the United States.
The project is scheduled for 3 years and can be regarded as phase one of a two-step development. In the first phase technology will be developed, a complete Hydrogen Refuelling System design is made for 200 kg/day capacity, and validated on a 5 kg/day scale. Subsequently in phase two the technology will be demonstrated in a scalable 200 kg/day Hydrogen Refuelling System.
The consortium encompassed the complete value-chain for an innovative hydrogen refuelling station; from a hydrogen producer to the automotive industry.
Funding
Results
Executive Summary:
The main objective of the PHAEDRUS project was to Research and Develop the feasibility of a scalable Hydrogen Refuelling Station (HRS) station by bringing to the table component based on new technologies. These dedicated components were delivered by select project partners in our consortium having the necessary specific expertise, having their design and performance capability validated for realising a safe and efficient Hydrogen Refuelling Station at a scale of 200 kg/day:
• Electrolyser: APEM and PEM → higher pressure output, smart operation & system design
• Compression: Electrochemical Hydrogen Compression → Isothermic compression principle, No moving parts, silent operation and similar dynamic capability as the Electrolyser.
• Dispensing: Cost Reduction → Effective Pre-cooling, Compact system, Control strategy
• Hydrogen cost: Production, Compression, Refuelling < 10€/kg → Delivering capacity matching demand, taking into account electricity tariffs and cost variations
• Safety and compliance: SAE J2601, SAE 2799, PED, CEN/ISO
The figure reported in the attached pdf presents the schematic 2D layout of the HRS components, as resulted by the PHAEDRUS project. However, the detailed configuration, component dimensioning and system scaling are influenced significantly by anticipated operating conditions, the local situation and expected customer demand as shown by the outcome of the generated mathematical models. This model, predicting the most energy efficient method for generating, compressing and dispensing hydrogen at 70MPa, will be made available to enable stakeholders to optimise the HRS beforehand.
PHAEDRUS has been a successful project that has created impact by directly addressing current HRS issues and showing how and where new technology can make a clear difference. Our approach was justified according to the completed technology comparison and cost projections based on the world’s premier integration and strong cost-down potential, projecting in 2020 the targeted investment costs of < 10 k€/kg and hydrogen sales costs < 10 €/kg are deemed feasible.