The core of the proposed ice protection system is a proprietary heater layer technology developed by Villinger GmbH, which is an elastic, semi-conductive polymer that can be applied as a thin coating to a variety of parts and components. The key features of the proposed system are:

• Low-power electrothermal de-icing capability, offering a 40% power requirement decrease compared to the benchmark electrothermal de-icing protection system;
• High system flexibility in terms of allowed configurations and full compatibility with morphing structure;
• In-service fault tolerance and maintenance-free architecture;
• Wider temperature operating range than the benchmark electrothermal de-icing protection system.

The performance of the InSPIRe technology will be achieved due to:

• Low thermal inertia of the system, reducing the runback ice formation during unheated periods;
• Enhanced thermal diffusivity, i.e. lower conductive and convective heat losses;
• Possibility of removing the parting strip, further reducing the power demand of the system;
• Advanced control strategy to optimise heater scheduling.

The InSPIRe system will be designed by a highly experienced consortium relying on state-of-the-art numerical simulation, innovative materials and manufacturing techniques, and thorough testing and qualification activities. The technology will be delivered fully compliant with Civil Certification requirements.