The industrial development of alternative hybrid-electric and pure electric automotive propulsion systems requires tremendous efforts in the areas of battery technology, power electronics, electric motors, as well as new approaches for energy-efficient control strategies. The latter are realized in electronic control units like e.g. the battery managements system (BMS) or the hybrid control unit (HCU). The proper functioning of these ultimately determines the power-flow and thus the efficiency of the whole powertrain system.

An efficient end economically viable development process thus requires a strong reduction of time effort for the conduction of reproducible test runs. There is therefore a growing demand for battery emulators (also denoted as battery simulators), which emulate of the real battery. Technically, a battery emulator is a controllable DC voltage source that could emulate the impedance behavior of a real battery or supercapacitor.