Overview
PowerUp aimed to develop the Vehicle-2-Grid (V2G) interface, involving a full development cycle of physical/link-layer specification, charging control protocol design, prototyping, conformance testing, field trials, and standardisation. Its results will ensure that EVs smoothly integrate into emerging smart-grid networks. Thereby the efficiencies resulting from robust grid operation may be achieved; V2G capabilities will smoothen the daily fluctuation of electricity demand and will enable EVs to act as emergency energy supplies. To achieve these desired results, it is essential that any electric vehicle type would be compatible with any European smart-grid network.
V2G technology was developed in liaison with the ongoing ISO/IEC standardisation of the V2G interface, and it will extend existing smart-metering standards and ETSI ITS standards for vehicular communications. On the grid side, smart electric meters were enhanced for V2G capability and V2G-specific demand-balancing control algorithms were researched. The specification phase set out to synthesise requirements of both vehicle manufacturers and utility operators. The produced V2G adapter prototypes underwent conformance testing and field trials. The testing part also covered safety and security aspects. The field trial activities demonstrated end-to-end integration with the chain of smart-grid control systems. These trials were furthermore complemented by simulations of larger V2G uptake rates, which assess V2G impact on grid stability and robustness.
The validated PowerUp results were contributed into standardisation, completing the overall R&D cycle. We set out to ensure industrial consensus on V2G interface, and carefully trial V2G implementations in a realistic integrated environment. PowerUp partners are capable of follow-up project results deployment; its impact will facilitate reaching FEVs full potential economic and environmental benefits.
Funding
Results
BroadBit
- Specification of the V2G architecture for interoperability with existing smart-grid systems
- Specification of power re-negotiation procedures
- Development of test cases for validating conformance and interoperability with the ISO/IEC 15118 protocols
Corinex
- Proving that coexistence between HomePlug-GreenPhy and UPA technologies is feasible (in cooperation with Technolution)
- Development of SNMP messages for link control (alternative to the Pilot Control Function, without the need for dedicated pilot line)
- Development of a control unit for identifying which vehicle is connected to which charging spot (alternative to SLAC mechanism, more reliable method)
- Development and testing of UPA modems for V2G interface, along with two types of PLC couplings and filters
CRF
- Elaboration of V2G use cases, in line with expected customer needs
- Automotive integration of the V2G system (focus on AC charging)
- Development of HMI for recharging control of passenger cars and vans
Denso
- Implementation of ISO/IEC 15118 protocols in both EVCC and EVSE sides
- Integration with the automotive battery management system
- Integration with the Smart Metering interface
- Aligning V2G procedures to match automotive procedures; main investigated issues are concerning DC charging and power re-negotiation
- The Denso implementation supports both PLC and 5.9 GHz wireless media for the V2G interface, with real-time switch-over possibility between them
ETSI
- Development of TTCN-3 based test suite for conformance testing of ISO/IEC 15118 protocol implementations
- Contribution to the validation of project implementations through the use of the TTCN-3 test suite
ICCS
- EV Load Balancing algorithm development
- Integration with the DLMS/COSEM interface for the control communications
Itron
- Interface development between the Smart Meter and the EVSE
- Development and standardization of EV-specific extensions to the DLMS smart-metering protocol model
Technolution
- System integration of the implemented V2G system
- Proving that coexistence between HomePlug-GreenPhy and UPA technologies is feasible (in cooperation with Corinex)
- Deve