The project intended to solve actual traffic effects on ground, structures and environment by analytical and experimental methods. The prediction models for the ground–borne vibrations and the buildings structure dynamic response due to railway traffic was introduced. For free–field dynamic response at the distance point (from railways and roads) and dynamic response of building structure calculation procedure was developed. In the numerical model the soils were modelled as a viscoelastic (layered) half-space. This model has been used both for evaluation of the track–soil interaction forces as well as for prediction of the ground–borne vibrations. The numerical results in time domain are presented as the time histories damped amplitudes of the half-space vibration at the distance. In frequency domain free–field response is presented via response spectra and frequency response function (FRF) of the viscoelastic soil medium. In the next step this FRF were applied for building structure dynamic response.