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MASTER The contribution of vehicle speed to accidents, causing death and injury is a major concern in road traffic. Several studies have confirmed the positive influence of reduced driving speeds on the number and severity of accidents. Besides a car' ...
EuropeanMEET EU Member States are required to report their annual emissions according to various international obligations. In addition, environmental policy-making requires reliable estimates of emissions for current and future technologies. This is particularly ...
EuropeanMETHAR The objectives, systems, schemes, concepts and training methods of Maritime Education and Training (MET) vary considerably among Member States of the European Union. This variety, resulting from mainly historical reasons, has often led to an ineffi ...
EuropeanMINIMISE The economic efficiency and operational effectiveness of the transport system is one of the key requirements for a prosperous and cohesive economy. The European Union, undergoing a process of expansion, has to put considerable focus on improving ...
EuropeanOD-ESTIM In order to develop effective transport policies, reliable statistical data and modelling tools are needed to estimate future developments and support the decision-making process. This can help in assessing needs for transport infrastructure and ...
EuropeanOPTAS-A The development of innovative approaches to airport operations should improve the airport capacity both airside and landside. This needs the support of simulation tools able to analyse the impacts of the initiatives on traffic flows of aircraft an ...
EuropeanOPTAS-B The 1990s saw a rapid growth in demand and consequently in congestion at Europe's airports, and aviation traffic is expected to double in the next 15 years. This pressure has in turn spurred increased research aimed at maintaining or improvin ...
EuropeanPASTEUR In the transport sector, research is an essential support to policy-making, ensuring that the most effective measures are adopted in support of economic, social and environmental goals. But this research is often split between various European, na ...
EuropeanPATS The re-alignment of transport prices to reflect real social costs is seen as an economically efficient way of combating congestion and pollution and promoting an appropriate split between the transport modes. However, this may involve higher charges ...
EuropeanPRIMA Congestion charging is seen as an economically efficient way of combating the build-up of traffic and consequently making road transport in urban areas reliable for both passengers and freight. This involves charging motorists at times and places wh ...
EuropeanPROTEE Technological innovations can be divided into two types. 'Incremental' innovation is the development of existing technologies, and dominates industrial R&D. 'Radical' innovation is more difficult to manage and evaluate becau ...
EuropeanQUITS Decision-making on mode, technology and journey choices will be improved if all costs are taken into account- for a single journey, this means the direct costs (e.g. fuel and road tolls), the value of travel time, and the external costs (e.g. air po ...
EuropeanSAMI Policy-makers and transport planners are faced with a complex analysis in making decisions on future actions. They have to take account of various interest groups, multiple objectives that may be conflicting, different scenarios for uncertain future ...
EuropeanSCENARIOS Decision making on transport policy can be supported by the availability of a reference scenario. This can be defined as 'the projection of current trends for selected variables for a future horizon year.' Scenario preparation involves ...
EuropeanSCENES Knowledge of most significant socio-economic indicators and availability of forecasting models are essential tools for transport policy makers. In Europe, lack of a common and consolidated regional database forced researchers to repeat data mining ...
EuropeanSEALOC Extensive international efforts aiming to improve the safety of vessel operations and ensure the containment of transport-related maritime pollution are underway with the objective of avoiding severe ship casualties and their disastrous consequence ...
EuropeanSITPRO The European Union’s Fourth Framework Programme of Transport Research and Technological Development (RTD) includes more than 280 projects. They span strategic research, integrated transport chains, rail, air, urban, waterborne and road transport. T ...
EuropeanSSS-CA Short-sea shipping (SSS) is emerging as an important point of the transport policy of the EU. As intra-European borders are rapidly dismantled and Eastern Europe gradually becomes more open, SSS is earning a prominent role. It has good potential fo ...
EuropeanSTAIRS The adequate supply of road accident and injury records on a European scale is perceived to be important for the selection, implementation and evaluation of road safety measures. Preventive technical and organisational action, as well as adjustment ...
EuropeanSTEMM The improvement of inter-linkages between different means of transport is seen as vital in making journeys using combinations of modes more attractive. In turn, this is expected to reduce environmental damage and delays due to road traffic congestio ...
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