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This report by the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre (JRC) and the European Union Agency for Railways (ERA) uses patenting data from the European Patent Office as an indicator of global trends in innovation, and studies the comparative strengths of the EU, China, Japan, the US and South

Adequate research and innovation (R&I) is paramount for the seamless development, testing, adoption and integration of new rail concepts and technologies. This report provides a comprehensive analysis of R&I initiatives in Europe in this field. The assessment follows a structured methodology

There has been a recent trend towards the removal of certain transport regulations in order to encourage a more efficient market – this trend has come to be associated with the ‘privatisation’ of transport services and has prompted widespread debate. This paper provides a structured guide to the