SMART (Sustainable use of Materials through Automotive Remanufacturing to boost resource efficiency in the road Transport system) is a JRC exploratory research project which investigates the contribution of end-of-life (EoL) practices in decreasing the environmental impacts of the EU fleet in the future and increasing resource efficiency of vehicles. The main focus is on the potential contribution of remanufacturing vehicles. This report summarizes the main outcomes of the project, which underline that remanufacturing potentially entails environmental benefits, especially concerning recirculation of materials within the EU, but such resource efficiency strategy should be supported by ad hoc measures, e.g. incentives for the acceptance and the adoption of remanufactured products and a proper regulatory framework.