Traffic generation of parking facilities (VSS2000/457)
Overview
Background & policy context:
The last systematic surveys of trip generation from parking sites in Switzerland date back to the year 1983 (SVI FA 10/81 "Management of parking spaces as a means of directing traffic", Glaser + Saxer). In the last 25 years, car ownership has increased significantly (1990: 4393, 2006: 5161), and traffic behaviour has altered. As a result of changes in so-ciety and a change in the external general conditions, it can be assumed that the volume of traffic from parking sites has changed since the last survey. However, there are no new figures on this subject, or they are only known from individual case studies.
Traffic-intensive facilities are buildings and sites with a high frequency of visitors or customers the whole year round, namely facilities in the health care (hospitals) and educational (universities, colleges, vocational schools) sectors. This research concentrates on facilities used throughout the whole year, and both traffic-intensive services (supplement to SVI 2001/545) and other uses (work, retail trade) that are not considered to be traffic-intensive.
The previously defined characteristic traffic values enable the description of the trip production of the various types of use. The most important characteristic values are "Car journeys/100m2 gross floor area as well as "Car movements/parking place/day".
Objectives:
The research project has the following objectives:
- Determining the traffic volume of parking facilities for non-intensive public utilizations. Core sizes of traffic by parking facilities are e.g. traffic generation rates, load curves, car occupancy levels. The assessment shall also ensure public parking facilities.
- Development of a land use and its associated parking facility. These include determining the influencing variables that define these types as well as the development of methods and parameters to define their influence on demand (PW-rides, parking).
- Preparing the findings for the planning process. This includes in particular the drafting of the new VSS standard 640 283 'parking: traffic'.
Methodology:
The definition of terms is followed by extensive research of literature in Switzerland, Germany and Austria. The literature is systematically analysed according to previously defined characteristic traffic values. On the other hand, the study deals with concrete model cases in German-speaking and French-speaking Switzerland. For 35 model cases, the information from the people re-sponsible was analysed and, to some extent, completed by our own surveys. The charac-teristic traffic values for the different uses result from these analyses.
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